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■ Azuleno[6,5-b]indoles: Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Ring-Closing Reaction of 6-(Arylamino)azulenes

Taku Shoji,* Yukino Ariga, Shunji Ito, and Masafumi Yasunami

*Department of Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Nagano, Japan

Abstract

6-Bromoazulene derivative with two n-butoxycarbonyl groups was prepared by the modification procedure of Nozoe’s azulene synthesis. The aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of the 6-bromoazulene derivatives having two-ester functions with aniline derivatives proceeded to give the corresponding 6-(arylamino)azulene derivatives. Palladium-catalyzed oxidative ring-closing reaction of the 6-(arylamino)azulene derivatives provided the azuleno[6,5-b]indoles in moderate to good yields.