Online article for Non-subscribers

Pay per view

Heterocycles has a pay-per-view service for Non-subscribers.
You will be able to directly purchase the full text article through PayPal.
Your purchased Paper can be downloaded after the payment is completed.
An e-mail will be sent the URL to download the paper.
If you have any questions, please contact: purchase@heterocycles.com

Price: ¥ 4,400 (Yen only)
Period: This Article can be accessed for 7 days.

Review | Regular issue | Vol 85, No. 7, 2012, pp.1579-1602
Published online, 2nd April, 2012
DOI: 10.3987/REV-12-737
■ Synthesis of 2,2’-Bipyridines by Transition Metal-Catalyzed Alkyne/Nitrile [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions

Sentaro Okamoto*

*Department of Material and Life Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-8686, Japan

Abstract

2,2’-Bipyridines are of great importance in the fields of catalysis, coordination chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, macromolecular chemistry and photochemistry. Recently, the metal-catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2]-type cycloaddition reaction of alkynes and nitriles has attracted considerable interest as a straightforward, atom-economical route to substituted pyridines and methods have been extensively applied to bipyridine synthesis. Developments in the field of 2,2’-bipyridine synthesis through alkyne/nitrile [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition reactions catalyzed by transition metals are reviewed in this article involving two types of fully intramolecular reaction, five types of partially intramolecular reaction and fully intermolecular reactions.