HETEROCYCLES

Heterocycles has a pay-per-view service for Non-subscribers.
You will be able to directly purchase the full text article through PayPal.
Your purchased Paper can be downloaded after the payment is completed.
An e-mail will be sent the URL to download the paper.
If you have any questions, please contact: purchase@heterocycles.com

Price: ¥ 4,400 (Yen only)
Period: This Article can be accessed for 7 days.

■ Mechanistic Investigations of the Cyclocondensation Step of the Knorr Pyrrole Synthesis

Scott A. Snyder,* Ferenc Kontes, and Adel M. ElSohly

*Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, 3000 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, U.S.A.

Abstract

A mechanistic investigation of the cyclocondensation step of the Knorr pyrrole synthesis of pyrrolo[2,1,5-cd]indolizidines is reported. Kinetic isotope effect measurements suggest the participation of two protic solvent molecules in a rate-determining ketone protonation prior to cyclization and dehydration.