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Review | Special issue | Vol 79, No. 1, 2009, pp.121-144
Published online, 20th November, 2008
DOI: 10.3987/REV-08-SR(D)2
■ Constituents and Bioactivities of Clausena excavata

Ngampong Kongkathip* and Boonsong Kongkathip

*Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Phahonyothin Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10903, Thailand

Abstract

Clausena excavata Burm. f. (Rutaceae) is a medicinal plant which is used in folklore medicine for treatment of cold, malaria, AIDS, dermatopathy, abdominal pain, and snake-bite. This plant is a rich source of coumarins and carbazole alkaloids. So far, fifty-three coumarins and fifty-eight carbazole alokaloids were isolated from C. excavata. Furthermore, a small group of tetranortriterpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, and essential oils were also obtained from this plant. C. excavata showed diverse therapeutic activities which are antibacterial, antifungal, antiplatelet, antiplasmodial, antitumor, antinociceptive, immunomodulatory, antimycobacterial, and anti-HIV-1 activities. The incidence of HIV-1 infection leading to AIDS has increased every year, and fungal and bacterial infections, particularly TB-causing mycobacteria are prevalent in HIV-infected patients. So Clausena excavata which showed inhibition of these diseases, is very promising to be developed for treatment of AIDS.