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■ Tungstophosphoric Acid Supported on Titania as an Eco-Friendly, Green and Reusable Catalyst for the Solvent-Free Hantzsch Multi-Component Condensation

Ezzat Rafiee,* Sara Eavani, Solmaz Rashidzadeh, and Mohammad Joshaghani

*Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Razi University, 67149, Kermanshah, Iran

Abstract

Tungstophosphoric acid supported on titania (PW/TiO₂), catalyzed three and four component coupling of various β-dicarbonyl compounds, aldehydes and amines under solvent free conditions. Different 4-aryl, N-hydroxy ethyl and N-aryl substituted 1, 4-dihydropyridines and polyhydroquinoline derivatives, have been synthesized with high to excellent yields. Short reaction times, simple work-up, and mild reaction conditions are advantages of this procedure. The catalyst is reusable without loss of activity for five runs.